Nhau - Natural Vanillin Kugadzira Kubva Kudzokororwa Zviwanikwa

I. Nhanganyaya

Vanillin ndeimwe yeanonyanya kufarirwa uye anoshandiswa zvakanyanya flavour makomisheni munyika.Sechivanhu, yakabviswa kubva muvanilla bhinzi, iyo inodhura uye inotarisana nematambudziko maererano nekugadzikana uye kusashanda kweketani.Nekudaro, nekufambira mberi mubiotechnology, kunyanya mumunda weiyo microbial biotransformation, nguva nyowani yekugadzirwa kwevanillin yechisikigo yabuda.Kushandisa tupukanana kushanduko yebhayoloji yezvinhu zvakasikwa mbishi kwakapa nzira ine hupfumi yekugadzira vanillin.Iyi nzira haingotarise zvinonetsa zvekusimudzira asiwo inopa mhinduro dzehunyanzvi hweindasitiri yekunhuhwirira.Tsvagiridzo yakaitwa neSRM Institute of Science neTekinoroji (SRMIST) yakapa ongororo yakazara yemaitiro eclectic kune biological synthesis yevanillin uye mashandisiro adzo muchikamu chekudya, achipfupisa nzira dzakasiyana dzeiyo biological synthesis yevanillin kubva kune akasiyana substrates uye akasiyana ayo akasiyana. zvikumbiro muindasitiri yezvekudya.

II.Maitiro Ekutora Natural Vanillin Kubva Kunovandudzwa Zviwanikwa

Kushandiswa kweFerulic Acid se Substrate

Ferulic acid, inotorwa kubva kunzvimbo dzakaita semupunga bran uye oat bran, inoratidza maumbirwo akafanana kune vanillin uye inoshanda seyakashandiswa zvakanyanya precursor substrate yekugadzira vanillin.Hutachiona hwakasiyana siyana sePseudomonas, Aspergillus, Streptomyces, uye fungi zvakashandiswa pakugadzira vanillin kubva kuferulic acid.Zvakanyanya, zvipenyu zvakaita seAmycolatopsis neWhite-rot fungi zvakaonekwa sevanogona kukwikwidza kugadzira vanillin kubva kune ferulic acid.Ongororo dzakati wandei dzakaongorora kugadzirwa kwevanillin kubva kuferulic acid vachishandisa tupukanana, enzymatic nzira, uye immobilized masisitimu, zvichiratidza kuchinjika uye kugona kweiyi nzira.

Enzymatic synthesis yevanillin kubva kuferulic acid inosanganisira yakakosha enzyme feruloyl esterase, iyo inokonzeresa iyo hydrolysis ye ester bond mu ferulic acid, kuburitsa vanillin uye zvimwe zvine hukama ne-zvigadzirwa.Nekuongorora huwandu hwakakwana hwevanillin biosynthetic enzymes mumasero-asina masisitimu, vaongorori vakagadzira yakagadziridzwa recombinant Escherichia coli strain inokwanisa kushandura ferulic acid (20mM) kuita vanillin (15mM).Pamusoro pezvo, kushandiswa kweiyo microbial cell immobilization kwatora kutarisisa nekuda kwekunaka kwayo biocompatibility uye kugadzikana pasi pemamiriro akasiyana.Iyo itsva immobilization nzira yekugadzira vanillin kubva kune ferulic acid yakagadziridzwa, ichibvisa kudiwa kwemacoenzymes.Iyi nzira inosanganisira coenzyme-independent decarboxylase uye coenzyme-inomirira oxygenase inokonzera kushandurwa kweferulic acid kuva vanillin.Kubatana kweFDC neCSO2 kunogonesa kugadzirwa kwe2.5 mg yevanillin kubva kuferulic acid muzvikamu gumi zvekuita, zvichiratidza chiitiko chekutanga chekugadzira vanillin kuburikidza neiyo immobilized enzyme biotechnology.

Kushandiswa kweEugenol/Isoeugenol seSubstrate

Eugenol uye isoeugenol, kana yaiswa bioconversion, inogadzira vanillin uye ine hukama metabolites, ayo akawanikwa aine akasiyana maapplication uye kukosha kwakakosha kwehupfumi.Tsvakurudzo dzinoverengeka dzakaongorora kushandiswa kwemajini akagadziridzwa uye anongoitika ma microorganisms kuti agadzire vanillin kubva eugenol.Izvo zvinogona kukanganisa eugenol zvakaonekwa mumabhakitiriya akasiyana-siyana uye fungi, kusanganisira asi kwete kuBacillus, Pseudomonas, Aspergillus, uye Rhodococcus, vachiratidza kukwanisa kwavo mukugadzirwa kwevanillin yakagadzirwa eugenol.Kushandiswa kweeugenol oxidase (EUGO) seenzyme yekugadzira vanillin munzvimbo yeindasitiri kwakaratidza kugona kukuru.EUGO inoratidzira kugadzikana uye chiitiko pamusoro pehupamhi pH renji, ine soluble EUGO inowedzera chiitiko uye kuderedza kuita nguva.Uyezve, kushandiswa kweEUGO isingafambiswi kunobvumira kudzoreredzwa kweiyo biocatalyst kusvika ku18 reaction cycles, zvichiita kuti iwedzere kakapetwa ka12 mugoho rebiocatalyst.Saizvozvo, immobilized enzyme CSO2 inogona kukurudzira shanduko yesoeugenol kuita vanillin pasina kuvimba nemacoenzymes.

Zvimwe Substrates

Mukuwedzera kune ferulic acid uye eugenol, mamwe maitiro akadai sevanillic acid uye C6-C3 phenylpropanoids akaonekwa seanogona kuita substrates yekugadzira vanillin.Vanillic acid, inogadzirwa senge-chigadzirwa che lignin degradation kana sechikamu chinokwikwidza mumatabolism nzira, inoonekwa seyakakosha precursor ye bio-based vanillin kugadzirwa.Uyezve, kupa ruzivo rwekushandiswa kweC6-C3 phenylpropanoids ye vanillin synthesis inopa mukana wakasiyana wekugarisa uye hunyanzvi hwekunakisa innovation.

Mukupedzisa, mashandisirwo ezviwanikwa zvinogoneka pakugadzirwa kwevanillin kuburikidza neiyo microbial biotransformation chiitiko chakakosha muindasitiri yekunhuhwirira.Iyi nzira inopa imwe nzira, yakagadzikana nzira yekugadzirwa kwevanillin, kugadzirisa zvinonetsa zvekusimudzira uye kuderedza kuvimba nenzira dzechinyakare dzekuchera.Kushandiswa kwakasiyana-siyana uye kukosha kwehupfumi kwevanillin muindasitiri yezvekudya kunosimbisa kukosha kwekuenderera mberi nekutsvaga nekusimudzira munzvimbo ino.Kufambira mberi kweramangwana mumunda wekugadzirwa kwevanillin kwechisikigo kune mukana wekushandura indasitiri yekunhuhwirira, ichipa inogoneka uye eco-inoshamwaridzika dzimwe nzira dzekugadzira flavour.Sezvo isu tichiramba tichishandisa mukana wezviwanikwa zvinogonekazve uye kufambira mberi kwebiotechnological, kugadzirwa kwechisikigo vanillin kubva kune akasiyana substrates kunopa nzira inovimbisa yeinogoneka inonaka innovation.

III.Ndeapi mabhenefiti ekushandisa zviwanikwa zvinogoneka kugadzira yakasikwa vanillin

Inoenderana Nezvakatipoteredza:Kushandisa zviwanikwa zvinogona kuvandudzwa senge zvidyarwa uye marara ebiomass kugadzira vanillin kunogona kuderedza kudiwa kwemafuta efosil, kuderedza kukanganisa kwakashata pane zvakatipoteredza, uye kuderedza kuburitsa gasi rinopisa.

Sustainability:Kushandisa zviwanikwa zvinogonesa kugonesa kuwanda kwesimba uye zvigadzirwa, zvichibatsira kuchengetedza zviwanikwa uye kuzadzisa zvinodiwa nezvizvarwa zvinotevera.

Dziviriro yezvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana:Kuburikidza nekushandiswa zvine musoro kwezviwanikwa zvinogonekazve, zviwanikwa zvezvirimwa zvemusango zvinogona kuchengetedzwa, izvo zvinobatsira mukuchengetedzwa kwemhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzezvipenyu uye kuchengetedza kwekuenzanisa kwezvisikwa.

Chigadzirwa chemhando:Kana ichienzaniswa neyakagadzirwa vanillin, yakasikwa vanillin inogona kuva nezvakawanda zvakanakira mukunhuhwirira kwemhando uye hunhu hwechisikigo, izvo zvichabatsira kuvandudza kunaka kwekunaka uye kunhuhwirira zvigadzirwa.

Deredza kutsamira pamafuta efossil:Kushandiswa kwezviwanikwa zvinogoneka kunobatsira kudzikisa kutsamira pane kushomeka kwemafuta emafuta, ayo anobatsira kuchengetedzeka kwesimba uye kusiana kwesimba.Ndinovimba kuti ruzivo rwuri pamusoro runogona kupindura mibvunzo yako.Kana muchida referensi gwaro muChirungu, ndapota ndizivisei kuti ndikupei.

IV.Mhedziso

Iko kugona kwekushandisa zviwanikwa zvinogoneka kugadzira vanillin yechisikigo seyakagadzikana uye ine hushamwari imwe nzira yakakosha.Iyi nzira ine chivimbiso mukugadzirisa kudiwa kuri kuwedzera kwevanillin yechisikigo uku ichideredza kuvimba nenzira dzekugadzira dzekugadzira.

Natural vanillin inobata chinzvimbo chakakosha muindasitiri yekunhuhwirira, inokosheswa nekunhuhwirira kwayo uye kushandiswa kwakapararira sechinhu chinonhuwira mune zvakasiyana zvigadzirwa.Izvo zvakakosha kusimbisa kukosha kwevanillin yechisikigo sechinhu chinotsvakwa-mumaindasitiri ezvekudya, zvinwiwa, uye kunhuhwirira nekuda kwehukuru hwayo hwekunzwa uye kufarira kwevatengi kune zvakasikwa zvinonaka.

Zvakare, iyo munda wezvakasikwa vanillin kugadzirwa inopa yakakura mikana yekuwedzera kutsvagisa nekusimudzira.Izvi zvinosanganisira kuongorora matekinoroji matsva uye nzira itsva dzekusimudzira kugona uye kusimba kwekugadzira yakasikwa vanillin kubva kune zvinogonekazve zviwanikwa.Pamusoro pezvo, kuvandudzwa kwenzira dzinotyisa uye dzinodhura dzekugadzira dzichaita basa rakakosha mukukurudzira kutorwa kwakapararira kwevanillin yechisikigo senzira inogoneka uye inoshamwaridzana muindasitiri yekuravira.