Tii nhema, inozivikanwa nekunaka kwayo kwakapfuma uye kwakasimba, chinwiwa chinofarirwa nemamiriyoni evanhu pasi rose. Chimwe chezvinhu zvinonakidza zvetii nhema ruvara rwayo rutsvuku kana ikabikwa. Chinyorwa chino chine chinangwa chekuongorora zvikonzero zvesainzi zveruvara rutsvuku rwetii nhema, zvichijekesa maitiro emakemikari anobatsira pakuita izvi.
Ruvara rutsvuku rwetii nhema runogona kukonzerwa nekuvapo kwemakemikari chaiwo anoshanduka panguva yekugadzira tii. Makemikari makuru anokonzera ruvara rutsvuku ndi thearubigins ne theaflavins, ayo anoumbwa kuburikidza nekuoxidation yetii polyphenols panguva yekuvirisa kana oxidation iyo tii nhema inopinda.
Munguva yekugadzirwa kwetii nhema, mashizha etii anoitwa maitiro akasiyana-siyana, anosanganisira kuoma, kukunguruka, kuomeswa, uye kuoma. Panguva yekugadzirwa kwetii polyphenols, kunyanya catechins, dzinoitwa enzyme oxidation, zvichikonzera kuumbwa kwe thearubigins uyetheaflavinsMishonga iyi ndiyo inokonzera ruvara rutsvuku rwakapfuma uye kunaka kwetii nhema.
Thearubigins, kunyanya, ma polyphenolic compounds makuru ane ruvara rutsvuku-ruvara rwebrown. Anoumbwa kuburikidza nekuumbwa kwe catechins nedzimwe flavonoids dziri mumashizha etii. Kune rumwe rutivi, ma Theaflavins madiki e polyphenolic compounds anobatsirawo mukuva neruvara rutsvuku rwetii nhema.
Ruvara rutsvuku rwetii nhema runowedzera kuwedzerwa nekuvapo kweanthocyanins, ayo ari mavara anonyungudika mumvura anowanikwa mune mamwe marudzi etii. Mavara aya anogona kupa ruvara rutsvuku kune tii yakabikwa, zvichiwedzera ruvara rwayo rwese.
Pamusoro pekuchinja kwemakemikari kunoitika panguva yekugadzira tii, zvinhu zvakaita semhando dzakasiyana dzemiti yetii, mamiriro ekukura, uye nzira dzekugadzira zvinogonawo kukanganisa ruvara rutsvuku rwetii nhema. Semuenzaniso, mwero weoxidation, nguva yekuvirisa, uye tembiricha iyo mashizha etii anogadziriswa zvese zvinogona kukanganisa ruvara rwekupedzisira rwetii yakabikwa.
Mukupedzisa, ruvara rutsvuku rwetii nhema rwunobva mukudyidzana kwakaoma kwemakemikari uye maitiro anobatanidzwa mukugadzirwa kwayo. Thearubigins, theaflavins, uye anthocyanins ndizvo zvinonyanya kukonzera ruvara rutsvuku rwetii nhema, nekuumbwa kwayo uye kudyidzana kwayo panguva yekugadzira tii zvichipa ruvara rwayo rwemhando yepamusoro uye kunaka kwechinwiwa ichi chinodiwa.
Mareferensi:
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Jilani T, Iqbal M, Nadeem M, nevamwe. Kugadzirwa kwetii nhema uye mhando yetii nhema. J Food Sci Technol. 2018;55(11): 4109-4118.
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Komes D, Horžić D, Belščak-Cvitanović A, et al. Kuumbwa kwephenolic uye hunhu hweantioxidant hwemimwe miriwo inoshandiswa mukurapa inokanganiswa nenguva yekubviswa uye hydrolysis. Phytochem Anal. 2011;22(2): 172-180.
Nguva yekutumira: Chivabvu-09-2024
