Iwo mavara ebhuruu anobvumidzwa kuwedzerwa kune chikafu munyika yangu anosanganisira gardenia bhuruu pigment, phycocyanin uye indigo. Gardenia blue pigment inogadzirwa kubva kumuchero weRubiaceae gardenia. Phycocyanin pigments inonyanya kutorwa uye kugadziriswa kubva kune algal zvirimwa zvakaita se spirulina, blue-green algae, uye nostoc. Indigo yekudyara inogadzirwa nekuvirisa mashizha emiti ine indole yakaita se indigo indigo, woad indigo, wood indigo, uye indigo yebhiza. Anthocyanins zvakare akajairika pigment muchikafu, uye mamwe anthocyanins anogona kushandiswa sebhuruu colorants muchikafu mune mamwe mamiriro. Shamwari dzangu dzakawanda dzinowanzovhiringidza bhuruu yeblueberry nebhuruu ye phycocyanin. Zvino ngatitaure pamusoro pekusiyana kwezviviri izvi.
Phycocyanin inobvisa ye spirulina, inoshanda mbishi zvinhu, inogona kushandiswa seyakasikwa pigment muchikafu, zvizorwa, zvigadzirwa zvehutano, nezvimwe.
MuEurope, phycocyanin inoshandiswa sechikafu chikafu mbishi zvinhu uye inoshandiswa muhuwandu husingagumi. Munyika dzakadai seChina, United States, Japan, uye Mexico, phycocyanin inoshandiswa sechinhu chinobudisa ruvara rwebhuruu muzvokudya nezvinwiwa zvakasiyana-siyana. Inoshandiswawo semushonga wemavara mune zvekudya zvinovaka muviri uye mishonga muhuwandu hunobva ku0.4g-40g/kg, zvichienderana nekudzika kwemavara anodiwa pakudya.
Blueberry
Blueberry chikafu chinogona kuratidza zvakananga bhuruu. Pane zvikafu zvishomanana zvinogona kuratidza bhuruu mumasikirwo. Iyo inozivikanwawo se lingonberry. Ndiyo imwe yemhando yemiti miduku yemichero. Inowanikwa kuAmerica. Chimwe chezvokudya zvebhuruu. Zvinhu zvayo zvebhuruu-ruvara zvakanyanya anthocyanins. Anthocyanins, inozivikanwawo seanthocyanins, ikirasi yemvura-inonyungudika yakasikwa pigments inowanikwa zvakanyanya muzvirimwa. Ivo ndeve flavonoids uye kazhinji varipo muchimiro che glycosides, inozivikanwawo seanthocyanins. Ndivo zvinhu zvikuru zvemavara akajeka emaruva emichero nemichero. Base.
Iyo yebhuruu uye bhurau yebhuruu masosi e phycocyanin akasiyana
Phycocyanin inotorwa kubva ku spirulina uye ipuroteni ine ruvara rwebhuruu. Blueberries inowana ruvara rwavo rwebhuruu kubva kune anthocyanins, ayo ari flavonoid makomisheni, anonyungudika mumvura. Vanhu vazhinji vanofunga kuti phycocyanin ibhuruu, uye blueberries zvakare bhuruu, uye kazhinji havagoni kuziva kana zvokudya zvinowedzerwa ne phycocyanin kana blueberries. Muchokwadi, muto weblueberry wepepuru, uye ruvara rwebhuruu rweblueberries rwakakonzerwa neanthocyanins. Nokudaro, kuenzanisa pakati pezviviri ndiko kuenzanisa pakati pe phycocyanin uye anthocyanin.
Phycocyanin uye anthocyanins zvakasiyana muvara uye kugadzikana
Phycocyanin yakagadzikana zvakanyanya mumvura kana kuti yakasimba, inopenya bhuruu, uye kugadzikana kuchaderera zviri pachena kana tembiricha yadarika 60 ° C, ruvara rwemhinduro ichachinja kubva kubhuruu-girinhi kuenda kuyero-girinhi, uye inopera ne. alkali yakasimba.
Anthocyanin poda yakadzika rose yakatsvuka kusvika kune yakatsvuka.
Anthocyanin inonyanya kugadzikana kupfuura phycocyanin, inoratidza mavara akasiyana pane pH yakasiyana, uye inonyanya kuoma kune asidi uye alkali. Kana pH iri pasi pe2, iyo anthocyanin inopenya mutsvuku, kana isina kwayakarerekera, iyo anthocyanin ine ruvara rwepepuru, kana iri alkaline, iyo anthocyanin ine bhuruu, uye kana pH inopfuura 11, iyo anthocyanin yakasvibira yakasviba. Naizvozvo, kazhinji chinwiwa chakawedzerwa neanthocyanin chine ruvara rwepepuru, uye ibhuruu pasi pemamiriro asina simba ealkaline. Zvinwiwa zvine phycocyanin yakawedzera kazhinji zvine ruvara rwebhuruu.
Blueberries inogona kushandiswa seyakasikwa chikafu chemavara. Maererano neAmerican Health Foundation, vagari vekare vekuAmerica vakabika mukaka uye blueberries kuita grey pendi. Zvinogona kuonekwa kubva mukuedza kweblueberry dyeing yeNational Dyeing Museum kuti blueberry dyeing haisi yebhuruu.
Phycocyanin iblue pigment inobvumirwa kuwedzerwa kuchikafu
Zvinhu zvakasvibirira zvemavara echisikigo zvinobva kune zvakasiyana-siyana (kubva kumhuka, zvirimwa, tupukanana, zvicherwa, nezvimwewo) uye marudzi akasiyana-siyana (anenge mazana matanhatu emarudzi akanyorwa kubva muna 2004), asi mavara echisikigo akagadzirwa kubva muzvinhu izvi. kunyanya tsvuku uye yero. Kunyanya, mavara ebhuruu haawanzoitiki, uye anowanzotaurwa mumabhuku nemashoko akadai se "anokosha", "vashoma kwazvo", uye "kashoma". Munyika yangu GB2760-2011 "Hygienic Standards for Use of Food Additives", iyo chete yebhuruu pigment inogona kuwedzerwa kune chikafu gardenia blue pigment, phycocyanin, uye indigo. Uye muna 2021, iyo "National Food Safety Standard - Food Additive Spirulina" (GB30616-2020) ichaitwa zviri pamutemo.
Phycocyanin inonzi fluorescent
Phycocyanin is fluorescent uye inogona kushandiswa sereagent yeimwe photodynamic research mubiology uye cytology. Anthocyanins haisi fluorescent.
Pfupisa
1.Phycocyanin iprotein pigment inowanikwa mublue-green algae, nepo anthocyanin iri pigment inowanikwa mumiti yakasiyana-siyana inovapa ruvara rwebhuruu, rutsvuku, kana rwepepuru.
2.Phycocyanin ine maitiro akasiyana-siyana emakemikari uye zvinyorwa zvichienzaniswa neanthocyanin.
3.Phycocyanin yakaratidza hutano hwakasiyana-siyana hunobatsira, kusanganisira antioxidant uye anti-inflammatory effects, nepo anthocyanin yakaratidzawo kuva ne antioxidant uye anti-inflammatory properties, pamwe chete nemigumisiro inobatsira yehutano hwemwoyo.
4.Phycocyanin inoshandiswa mune zvakasiyana-siyana zvekudya uye zvigadzirwa zvekuzora, nepo anthocyanin inowanzoshandiswa sechikafu chekudya chekudya kana kuwedzera.
5. Phycocyanin ine chiyero chekuchengetedza chikafu chenyika, asi anthocyanin haina.
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-26-2023
