Maruva ebhuruu anotenderwa kuwedzerwa muchikafu munyika yangu anosanganisira gardenia blue pigment, phycocyanin ne indigo. Gardenia blue pigment inogadzirwa kubva mumuchero weRubiaceae gardenia. Maruva ePhycocyanin anowanzo torwa uye kugadzirwa kubva mumiti yealgal yakaita sespirulina, blue-green algae, uye nostoc. Plant indigo inogadzirwa nekuvirisa mashizha emiti ine indole yakaita se indigo indigo, woad indigo, wood indigo, uye horse indigo. Anthocyanins imavarawo akajairika muchikafu, uye mamwe ma anthocyanins anogona kushandiswa semavara ebhuruu muchikafu pasi pemamwe mamiriro. Shamwari dzangu zhinji dzinowanzo sanganisa bhuruu reblueberry nebhuruu rephycocyanin. Iye zvino ngatitaurei nezvemusiyano uripo pakati pezviviri izvi.
Phycocyanin chinhu chinobuda mu spirulina, chinhu chinoshanda, chinogona kushandiswa se pigment yechisikigo muzvikafu, zvizoro, zvigadzirwa zvehutano, nezvimwewo.
MuEurope, phycocyanin inoshandiswa sechinhu chekugadzira chikafu chine mavara uye inoshandiswa muhuwandu husina muganho. Munyika dzakadai seChina, United States, Japan, neMexico, phycocyanin inoshandiswa sechinhu chinopa ruvara rwebhuruu muzvikafu nezvinwiwa zvakasiyana-siyana. Inoshandiswawo sechinhu chinopa ruvara muzvikafu zvinovaka muviri uye mishonga muhuwandu hunotangira pa0.4g-40g/kg, zvichienderana nekudzika kweruvara runodiwa pachikafu.
Bhurubheri
Blueberry chikafu chinogona kuratidza bhuruu zvakananga. Kune chikafu chishoma kwazvo chinogona kuratidza bhuruu muzvisikwa. Inozivikanwawo se lingonberry. Ndiyo imwe yemhando diki yemiti yemichero. Inobva kuAmerica. Imwe yemhando dzebhuruu. Zvinhu zvayo zvine ruvara rwebhuruu zvinonyanya kuve anthocyanins. Anthocyanins, inozivikanwawo seanthocyanins, imhando yepigments dzechisikigo dzinonyungudika mumvura dziripo zvakanyanya mumiti. Ndedze flavonoids uye dzinowanzo kuve muchimiro cheglycosides, inozivikanwawo seanthocyanins. Ndidzo zvinhu zvikuru zvemavara akajeka emaruva emiti nemichero. Hwaro.
Manyuko ebhuruu nebhuruu ephycocyanin akasiyana.
Phycocyanin inotorwa kubva kuspirulina uye ipuroteni ine ruvara rwebhuruu. Mablueberries anowana ruvara rwawo rwebhuruu kubva kuanthocyanins, ayo ari ma flavonoid compounds, pigments anonyungudika mumvura. Vanhu vazhinji vanofunga kuti phycocyanin ibhuruu, uye mablueberries ibhuruuwo, uye kazhinji havazivi kana chikafu chacho chakawedzerwa nephycocyanin kana mablueberries. Kutaura zvazviri, muto weblueberry une ruvara rwepepuru, uye ruvara rwebhuruu rweblueberries runokonzerwa neanthocyanins. Naizvozvo, kuenzanisa pakati pezviviri izvi ndiko kuenzanisa pakati pephycocyanin neanthocyanin.
Phycocyanin neanthocyanins zvakasiyana muruvara uye kugadzikana
Phycocyanin inogara yakasimba kana iri mumvura kana kuti yakasimba, ine bhuruu rakajeka, uye kugadzikana kwayo kunodzikira zviri pachena kana tembiricha ikapfuura 60°C, ruvara rwemushonga ruchachinja kubva pabhuruu-girini kuenda kune yero-girini, uye ichapera nealkali yakasimba.
Upfu hweAnthocyanin hunobva paruvara rwerose kusvika paruvara rwebrown rwakatsvuka.
Anthocyanin haina kugadzikana kupfuura phycocyanin, inoratidza mavara akasiyana pa pH yakasiyana, uye inonzwa zvakanyanya kune acid ne alkali. Kana pH iri pasi pe 2, anthocyanin inotsvuka zvakajeka, kana isina neutral, anthocyanin inova yepepuru, kana iri alkaline, anthocyanin inova yebhuruu, uye kana pH iri kupfuura 11, anthocyanin inova yegirini yakasviba. Saka, kazhinji chinwiwa chinowedzerwa ne anthocyanin chinova chepepuru, uye chinova chebhuruu kana mamiriro ealkaline asina kusimba. Zvinwiwa zvine phycocyanin yakawedzerwa zvinowanzova neruvara rwebhuruu.
Mablueberry anogona kushandiswa seruvara rwechisikigo rwechikafu. Sekureva kweAmerican Health Foundation, vagari vekare vekuAmerica vaibika mukaka nemablueberry kuti vagadzire pendi yegrey. Zvinogona kuonekwa kubva mukuyedza kwemavara emablueberry kweNational Dyeing Museum kuti kupenda mavara emablueberry hakusi kwebhuruu.
Phycocyanin iruvara rwebhuruu runobvumidzwa kuwedzerwa muchikafu
Zvinhu zvakagadzirwa nemavara echisikigo zvinobva kwakasiyana-siyana (kubva kumhuka, zvirimwa, tupukanana, zvicherwa, nezvimwewo) uye mhando dzakasiyana-siyana (dzinenge mhando mazana matanhatu dzakanyorwa kubva mugore ra2004), asi mavara echisikigo akagadzirwa nezvinhu izvi anonyanya kutsvuka neyero. Zvikuru, mavara ebhuruu haawanzo kuwanikwa, uye anowanzotaurwa mumabhuku nemashoko akadai sekuti "anokosha", "shoma kwazvo", uye "asingawanzo kuwanikwa". MuGB2760-2011 "Maitiro Ehutsanana Ekushandiswa Kwezvinowedzera Zvekudya", mavara ebhuruu chete anogona kuwedzerwa kuchikafu igardenia blue pigment, phycocyanin, uye indigo. Uye muna 2021, "National Food Safety Standard - Food Additive Spirulina" (GB30616-2020) ichashandiswa zviri pamutemo.
Phycocyanin inopenya
Phycocyanin inopenya uye inogona kushandiswa se reagent pakutsvaga kwe photodynamic mu biology ne cytology. Anthocyanin haisi fluorescent.
Pfupisa
1. Phycocyanin ipuroteni inowanikwa mualgae yebhuruu-girini, nepo anthocyanin ipendi inowanikwa mumiti yakasiyana-siyana inoita kuti ive neruvara rwebhuruu, rutsvuku, kana pepuru.
2. Phycocyanin ine maumbirwo akasiyana emamorekuru uye maumbirwo ayo zvichienzaniswa neanthocyanin.
3. Phycocyanin yakaratidza mabhenefiti akasiyana-siyana pahutano, kusanganisira antioxidant uye anti-inflammatory effects, nepo anthocyanin yakaratidzwawo kuti ine antioxidant uye anti-inflammatory properties, pamwe nemabhenefiti anogona kuwanikwa pahutano hwemwoyo.
4. Phycocyanin inoshandiswa muzvigadzirwa zvakasiyana-siyana zvekudya uye zvekushongedza, nepo anthocyanin ichiwanzo shandiswa seruvara rwechisikigo rwechikafu kana sekuwedzera.
5. Phycocyanin ine mwero wekuchengetedzwa kwechikafu munyika, nepo anthocyanin isina.
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-26-2023
