Nhau - Yakaita Natural Antioxidant-Ginkgo Leaf Extract!

I. Nhanganyaya

Nhanganyaya

Ndezvipi zvinobatsira zvehutano zveginkgo biloba kubvisa poda (2)

Ginkgo mashizha anobvisachinhu chakasikwa chinoshanda chinotorwa kubva mumashizha eginkgo. Zvikamu zvaro zvikuru flavonoids uye ginkgo lactones. Iyo chaiyo PAF (platelet-activating factor, platelet-activating factor) inopikisa receptor. Mabasa ayo emishonga anosanganisira: kuvandudza cerebral circulation uye cell metabolism; kuwedzera basa remasero matsvuku eropa superoxide dismutase (SOD) uye glutathione peroxidase (GSH-px), uye kuderedza cell membrane peroxidized lipids (MDA). kugadzirwa, kuchenesa mahara radicals, kudzivirira kukuvadzwa kwe cardiomyocytes uye vascular endothelial masero; kusarudza kupikisa platelet aggregation, micro thrombosis, uye lipid metabolism kusagadzikana kunokonzerwa neplatelet PAF; kunatsiridza kutenderera kwemoyo uye kudzivirira ischemic myocardium; Kuwedzera deformability yemasero matsvuku eropa, kuderedza viscosity yeropa, uye kubvisa microcirculatory disorders; inhibit the synthesis ye thromboxane (TXA2) uye inokurudzira kusunungurwa kwe prostaglandin PGI2 kubva kumagetsi endothelial masero.

Plant Source

Ginkgo biloba ishizha reGinkgo biloba L., chirimwa chemhuri yeGinkgo. Yayo inotorwa (EGB) ine akasiyana ehutano mabasa uye inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukudya uye zvizorwa. Mushonga wemakemikari weGinkgo mashizha akaoma zvikuru, ane anopfuura 140 emakemikari ari oga kubva pairi. Flavonoids uye terpene lactones ndiwo maviri makuru anoshanda emashizha eGinkgo. Mukuwedzera, inewo polyprenol, organic acids, polysaccharides, amino acids, phenols, uye trace elements. Zvinoenderana nehuwandu husina kukwana, ikozvino chiyero chepasi rose cheginkgo shizha chinotorwa EGb761 chakagadzirwa zvinoenderana neGermany's Schwabe patented process. Inoratidzika sehupfu hwebrown-yellow uye ine kakunhuhwira kweshizha reginkgo. Kemikari inoumbwa i24% flavonoids, 6% terpene lactones, isingasviki 0.0005% ginkgo acid, 7.0% proanthocyanidins, 13.0% carboxylic acids, 2.0% makatechini, 20% isiri-flavonoid glycosides, uye 4.0 polymer compounds. %, inorganic matter 5.0%, mwando solvent 3.0%, vamwe 3.0%.

Antioxidant Hunhu uye Mechanism

Ginkgo shizha rinobvisa rinogona kubvisa zvakananga lipid yemahara radicals, lipid peroxidation yemahara radicals alkane mahara radicals, nezvimwewo, uye kumisa iyo yemahara radical chain reaction cheni. Panguva imwecheteyo, inogonawo kutonga nekuvandudza basa re antioxidant enzymes senge superoxide dismutase uye glutathione peroxidase. Iyo antioxidant mhedzisiro yeflavonoids muEGB inodarika iyo yevhithamini, uye ine anti-yemahara radical kurwisa zvivakwa mu vitro.

Iyo antioxidant mhedzisiro yeginkgo yakatorwa nenzira dzakasiyana dzakasiyana, uye iyo antioxidant mhedzisiro yezvisina kuchena zvinyorwa uye zvigadzirwa zvakanatswa zvakasiyana. Ma Xihan et al. akawana kuti petroleum ether-ethanol extract yakanga ine yakasimba antioxidant effect pa rapeseed mafuta kana ichienzaniswa neGinkgo mashizha emashizha akawanikwa nenzira dzakasiyana dzekugadzirira. Iyo antioxidant kugona kweiyo isina kuchena Ginkgo shizha inotorwa yaive yakakwira zvishoma pane iyo yakacheneswa yakatorwa. Izvi zvinogona kunge zvichikonzerwa nekusachena Iyo inotorwa ine zvimwe zvinosanganisa antioxidant, senge organic acids, amino acids, tannins, alkaloids, uye zvimwe zvinhu zvine synergistic mhedzisiro.

Kugadzirira Nzira

(1) Organic solvent extraction method Parizvino, nzira inoshandiswa zvakanyanya kumba nekune dzimwe nyika ndiyo organic solvent extraction method. Sezvo mamwe organic solvents ari muchetura kana kusagadzikana, ethanol inowanzoshandiswa sechinhu chinobvisa. Miedzo yakaitwa naZhang Yonghong nevamwe yakaratidza kuti mamiriro akanakisa ekubvisa flavonoids kubva mumashizha eginkgo i70% ethanol semushonga wekubvisa, tembiricha yekubvisa i90 ° C, iyo solid-liquid reshiyo i1:20, nhamba yekubvisa i3. nguva, uye nguva imwe neimwe refluxes kwemaawa 1.5.

(2) Enzyme extraction method Wang Hui et al.'s ongororo dzakaratidza kuti goho reflavonoid yakazara yakawedzera zvakanyanya mushure mekunge ginkgo shizha raw raw raw pretreated ne cellulase uye yakatorwa, uye goho rinogona kusvika 2.01%.

(3) Ultrasonic extraction method Mushure me ultrasonic kurapwa kweginkgo mashizha, sero membrane yakaputsika, uye kufamba kwemashizha emashizha kwave kwakakurumidza, iyo inokurudzira kupera kwezvinhu zvinoshanda. Naizvozvo, ultrasonic kutorwa kweflavonoids kune zvakanakira. Mhedzisiro yekuedza yakawanikwa naLiu Jingzhi et al. ratidza kuti maitiro ekugadzirwa kwe ultrasonic extraction ndeaya: ultrasonic frequency 40kHz, ultrasonic treatment time 55min, tembiricha 35°C, uye kumira kwe3h. Panguva ino, chiyero chekuchera chiri 81.9%.

Application

Iyo flavonoids muGinkgo mashizha ane antioxidant zvimiro uye inogona kuwedzerwa kumafuta nemakeke se antioxidants. Iyo yakazara flavonoids yakawanda yero uye ine yakafara solubility, zvese zvinonyungudika mumvura uye nemafuta-anonyungudika, saka iyo yakazara flavonoids inogona kushandiswa kupenda. agent effect. Ginkgo biloba inogadzirwa kuita ultrafine powder uye inowedzerwa kuchikafu. Mashizha eGinkgo akanyanya kupepetwa uye akawedzerwa kumakeke, mabhisikiti, noodles, candies, uye ice cream pamwero we5% kusvika 10% kuti uzvigadzirire kuita ginkgo mashizha ezvikafu zvine hutano hwehutano.
Ginkgo shizha rinobvisa rinoshandiswa sechikafu chekuwedzera muCanada uye rakabvumidzwa semushonga wepamusoro-soro muGermany neFrance. Ginkgo shizha rinosanganiswa muUnited States Pharmacopoeia (24th edition) uye rinogona kushandiswa sechikafu chekuwedzera muUnited States.

Pharmacological Migumisiro

1. Mhedzisiro pahutano hwemwoyo
(1) Ginkgo shizha rinotorwa rinogona kutadzisa kushanda kweangiotensin-inoshandura enzyme (ACE) mune yakajairika serum yemunhu, nokudaro ichidzivirira kuputika kwearterioles, kuwedzera mitsipa yeropa, uye kuwedzera kubuda kweropa.
(2) Ginkgo mashizha emashizha anogona kudzivirira kuderera kwemyocardial mumakonzo echirume anokonzerwa nejekiseni remutsinga webupivacaine, inhibit coronary artery contraction muvanhu nenguruve inokonzerwa ne hypoxia, uye kubvisa PAF (platelet-activating factor) inokonzera arrhythmia mumbwa. Inogona kuvharidzira kusagadzikana kwemoyo kunokonzerwa nekusawirirana kwemoyo muguinea pigs.
(3) Ginkgo shizha rinotora rinogona kuwedzera zvakanyanya tsinga dzeropa dzeanesthetized katsi nembwa, kuwedzera cerebral blood flow, uye kuderedza cerebral vascular resistance. Ginkgo mashizha anobvisa anogona kudzivirira kuwedzera kwe mesenteric microvascular dhayamita inokonzerwa ne intravenous endotoxin. Mune canine endotoxin model, Ginkgo biloba extract inhibits hemodynamic shanduko; mumuenzaniso wemapapu emakwai, Ginkgo biloba inobvisa inhibits hypertension uye pulmonary edema inokonzerwa ne lymphatic flow disorder inokonzerwa ne endotoxin.
(4) Makonzo akaiswa intraperitoneally jekiseni ne5ml/kg yeginkgo leaf flavonoids zuva nezuva. Mushure memazuva makumi mana, serum triglyceride yemukati yakaderedzwa zvakanyanya. Ginkgo biloba extract (20 mg/kg pazuva) yaipiwa nemuromo kune tsuro dzinogamuchira zvakajairika uye hypercholesterolemic kudya. Mushure memwedzi mumwe, mazinga e hyper-esterified cholesterol mu plasma uye aorta yetsuro anogamuchira kudya kweatherogenic akaderedzwa zvakanyanya. Zvisinei mahara cholesterol mazinga akaramba asina kuchinja.
(5) Ginkgo terpene lactone inonyanya kujeka PAF receptor blocker. Ginkgo mashizha anobvisa kana ginkgo terpene lactone inogona kuvharidzira platelet-activating factor (PAF) uye cyclooxygenase kana lipoxygenase. Ginkgo shizha rinobvisa rakanyatsotenderwa uye rinopesana neplatelet aggregation yakakonzerwa nePAF asi haina kukanganisa kuunganidzwa kwakakonzerwa neADP.

2. Mhedzisiro panheyo yepakati
(1) Ginkgo shizha rinotora rinokanganisa endocrine system uye kuwirirana pakati pezvidziviriro zvemuviri uye nechepakati tsinga system nekudzivisa kuita kwePAF. Inogona kukurudzira kutenderera kwemasabolism uye inovandudza ndangariro.
(2) Ginkgo terpene lactones ine antidepressant mhedzisiro, uye mhedzisiro yavo inodzvinyirira inoenderana nechepakati monoaminergic nervous system.
(3) Pamusoro pekuti Ginkgo shizha rinotorwa rinogona kuvandudza zvakanyanya kukanganiswa-mhando yekuyeuka kukanganisa kunokonzerwa neNaNO2, iyo anti-hypoxic mhedzisiro inogona kunge yakabatana nekuwedzera kwayo mukuyerera kweropa uye kuvandudzwa kweuropi simba metabolism panguva ye hypoxia.
(4) Ginkgo mashizha emashizha anovandudza zvikuru uropi hunoita kusagadzikana kwegerbils kunokonzerwa nekubatanidza uye kutenderera kwezvose zviri zviviri carotid arteries uye inodzivirira kukanganisa kwehuropi mumagerbils anokonzerwa neischemia uye kusanganiswa; inosimudzira basa rembwa mushure mekuwanda-yakatarisana neuropi ischemia Kutanga kupora neuronal uye kuderedza kukuvadzwa neuronal kunotevera ischemia muhippocampus ye gerbil brain; zvinoderedza zvakanyanya kurasikirwa kweATP, AMP, creatine uye creatine phosphate muhuropi hwe ischemic yembwa yemonga. Ginkgo biloba lactone B inobatsira mukurapa sitiroko.

3. Mhedzisiro pachirongwa chekudya
(1) Ginkgo shizha rinotora rinogona kuvandudza zvakanyanya gastric uye maronda emudumbu mumakonzo anokonzerwa nePAF uye endotoxin, uye anogona kuvharira zvishoma kukuvadzwa kwegastric kunokonzerwa ne ethanol.
(2) Mumakonzo ane chiropa cirrhosis inokonzerwa ne bile duct ligation, intravenous jekiseni reginkgo shizha rinobvisa zvakanyanya kuderedza hepatic portal venous pressure, cardiac index, kubuda kweropa kwemapazi emadziro evhavha, uye yakagadziridzwa systemic vascular tolerance kana ichienzaniswa ne placebo. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti ginkgo shizha rinotorwa rine mukana wekurapa pane chiropa cirrhosis. Inogona kuvharira kuumbwa kweokisijeni-isina radicals mune mbeva acute pancreatitis inokonzerwa necholecystokinin. Ginkgo terpene lactone B inogona kuita basa mukurapa acute pancreatitis.

4. Mhedzisiro pamhepo yekufema
(1) Iyo ethanol yakatorwa yeGinkgo biloba ine yakananga kuzorora patracheal yakatsetseka tsandanyama uye inogona kudzoreredza spasmodic mhedzisiro ye histamine phosphate uye acetylcholine pane yakasarudzika trachea yenguruve, uye kudzivirira histamine-induced asthma kurwiswa muguinea pigs.
(2) Intravenous jekiseni yeGinkgo yemashizha emashizha inogona kudzivisa bronchoconstriction uye hyperresponsiveness yemakonzo inokonzerwa nePAF uye ovalbumin, uye kudzivirira bronchoconstriction inokonzerwa nemaantigens, asi haibatsiri bronchial hyperresponsiveness inokonzerwa ne indomethacin.
(3) Inhalation ye aerosolized Ginkgo leaf extract haisi kungodzivisa bronchoconstriction asiwo inodzivisa kuderedzwa kwemasero machena eropa uye eosinophils anokonzerwa nePAF. Ginkgo mashizha anotorwa ane kukosha kukuru mukudzivisa uye kurapa bronchial hyperresponsiveness.

5. Anti-aging effect
Ginkgobiflavonoids, isoginkgobiflavonoids, ginkgo biloba, uye quercetin muginkgo inosiya zvese inhibit lipid peroxidation, kunyanya sezvo quercetin ine yakasimba inhibitory chiitiko. Ongororo dzakaitwa pamakonzo uye zvakaonekwa kuti mvura-yakabudiswa ginkgo shizha yakazara flavonoids (0.95mg/ml) inogona kuderedza zvakanyanya lipid peroxidation, uye acid-yakabudiswa ginkgo leaf yakazara flavonoids (1.9mg/ml) inogona kuwedzera serum copper uye zinc SOD. basa uye kuderedza Mhedzisiro yeropa viscosity apo ichideredza SGPT basa.

7. Basa mukurambwa kwekudyarwa uye mamwe maitiro ekudzivirira
Ginkgo shizha rinobvisa rinogona kurebesa nguva yekupona yeganda grafts, heterotopic moyo xenografts, uye orthotopic chiropa xenografts. Ginkgo shizha rinobvisa rinogona kuvharidzira basa remuviri rekuuraya sero kupesana neKC526 masero anotariswa, uye zvakare inogona kudzivirira yakasikwa mhondi sero chiitiko chinokonzerwa neinterferon.

8. Anti-tumor effect
Iyo yakasvibirira yakatorwa yemashizha egirini eGinkgo biloba, iyo mafuta-inonyungudika chikamu, inogona kuvharira hutachiona hweEpstein-Barr. Heptadecene salicylic asidhi uye bilo-betin vane simba inhibitory basa; iyo yakazara flavonoids yeGinkgo inogona kuwedzera huremu hwe thymus hwemakonzo anotakura bundu. uye mazinga eSOD ekuita, kubatanidza kugona kwemuviri kunopesana nebundu; quercetin uye myricetin zvinogona kudzivisa kuitika kwecarcinogens.

Notes uye Contraindications

Kuita kwakashata kweGinkgo shizha rinotora: Dzimwe nguva kusagadzikana kwepamuviri, zvakadai seanorexia, kusvotwa, kuvhara, zvigaro zvakasununguka, kuputika kwemimba, nezvimwewo; panogonawo kuwedzera kurova kwemwoyo, kuneta, nezvimwewo, asi izvi hazvikanganisi kurapwa. Mushure menguva refu yekutonga nemuromo, zviratidzo zvakakodzera zveropa rheology zvinofanira kuongororwa nguva dzose. Kana uine zviratidzo zvedumbu, unogona kuitora mushure mekudya panzvimbo.

Kudyidzana Kwezvinodhaka

Ichi chigadzirwa chine synergistic effect kana ichishandiswa pamwe chete nemamwe mishonga yeropa viscosity-kudzikisa, yakadai se sodium alginate diester, acetate, nezvimwewo, inogona kuvandudza kushanda.

Development Trend

Ginkgo mashizha ane zvishoma zveproanthocyanidins uye urushiolic acids, iyo ichiri chepfu kumuviri wemunhu. Kana ginkgo inosiya seyakagadzirwa kugadzira chikafu, kurapwa kwakakosha kunodiwa kudzikisa zvirimo zveproanthocyanidins uye urushiolic acid. Nekudaro, mukati meiyo ikozvino inoshandiswa dosi renji, hapana chakakomba kana chisingaperi chehupfu uye hapana teratogenic mhedzisiro. Ministry of Health yakabvumira Ginkgo biloba extract sechinhu chitsva chekudya mu 1992. Mumakore achangopfuura, Ginkgo biloba yakazara flavonoids yakashandiswa zvakanyanya muindasitiri yezvokudya, uye tsvakurudzo nekuvandudzwa kweGinkgo biloba ine tarisiro yakakura.